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📄 LibMagic.pm [E] [D]
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📄 Spec.pm [E] [D]

Editing: LibMagic.pm

package File::LibMagic;
{
  $File::LibMagic::VERSION = '1.00';
}
BEGIN {
  $File::LibMagic::AUTHORITY = 'cpan:DROLSKY';
}

use 5.008;

use strict;
use warnings;

use Carp;
use Exporter;
use XSLoader;

XSLoader::load(
    __PACKAGE__,
    exists $File::LibMagic::{VERSION} && ${ $File::LibMagic::{VERSION} }
    ? ${ $File::LibMagic::{VERSION} }
    : 42
);

use base 'Exporter';

my @Constants = qw(
    MAGIC_CHECK
    MAGIC_COMPRESS
    MAGIC_CONTINUE
    MAGIC_DEBUG
    MAGIC_DEVICES
    MAGIC_ERROR
    MAGIC_MIME
    MAGIC_NONE
    MAGIC_PRESERVE_ATIME
    MAGIC_RAW
    MAGIC_SYMLINK
);

for my $name (@Constants) {
    my ( $error, $value ) = constant($name);

croak "WTF defining $name - $error"
        if defined $error;

my $sub = sub { $value };

no strict 'refs';
    *{$name} = $sub;
}

our %EXPORT_TAGS = (
    'easy'     => [qw( MagicBuffer MagicFile )],
    'complete' => [
        @Constants,
        qw(
            magic_buffer
            magic_buffer_offset
            magic_close
            magic_file
            magic_load
            magic_open
            )
    ]
);

$EXPORT_TAGS{"all"}
    = [ @{ $EXPORT_TAGS{"easy"} }, @{ $EXPORT_TAGS{"complete"} } ];

our @EXPORT_OK = ( @{ $EXPORT_TAGS{'all'} } );

sub new {
    my ( $class, $magic_file ) = @_;
    return bless { magic_file => $magic_file }, $class;
}

sub checktype_contents {
    my ( $self, $data ) = @_;
    return magic_buffer( $self->_mime_handle(), $data );
}

sub checktype_filename {
    my ( $self, $filename ) = @_;
    return magic_file( $self->_mime_handle(), $filename );
}

sub describe_contents {
    my ( $self, $data ) = @_;
    return magic_buffer( $self->_describe_handle(), $data );
}

sub describe_filename {
    my ( $self, $filename ) = @_;
    return magic_file( $self->_describe_handle(), $filename );
}

sub _mime_handle {
    my ($self) = @_;

return $self->{magic_handle} ||= do {
        my $m = magic_open( MAGIC_MIME() );
        magic_load( $m, $self->{magic_file} );
        $m;
    };
}

sub _describe_handle {
    my ($self) = @_;

return $self->{describe_handle} ||= do {
        my $m = magic_open( MAGIC_NONE() );
        magic_load( $m, $self->{magic_file} );
        $m;
    };
}

sub DESTROY {
    my ($self) = @_;

for my $key (qw( mime_handle describe_handle )) {
        magic_close( $self->{$key} ) if defined $self->{$key};
    }
}

# ABSTRACT: Determine MIME types of data or files using libmagic

__END__

=pod

=head1 NAME

File::LibMagic - Determine MIME types of data or files using libmagic

=head1 VERSION

version 1.00

=head1 SYNOPSIS

use File::LibMagic;

my $magic = File::LibMagic->new();

# prints a description like "ASCII text"
  print $magic->describe_filename('path/to/file');
  print $magic->describe_contents('this is some data');

# Prints a MIME type like "text/plain; charset=us-ascii"
  print $magic->checktype_filename('path/to/file');
  print $magic->checktype_contents('this is some data');

=head1 DESCRIPTION

The C<File::LibMagic> is a simple perl interface to libmagic from
the file package (version 4.x or 5.x).

=head1 API

This module provides an object-oriented API with the following methods:

=head2 File::LibMagic->new()

Creates a new File::LibMagic object.

Using the object oriented interface provides an efficient way to repeatedly
determine the magic of a file.

Each File::LibMagic object loads the magic database independently of other
File::LibMagic objects, so you may want to share a single object across many
modules as a singleton.

This method takes an optional argument containing a path to the magic file. If
the file doesn't exist this will throw an exception (but only with libmagic
4.17+).

If you don't pass an argument, it will throw an exception if it can't find any
magic files at all.

=head2 $magic->checktype_contents($data)

Returns the MIME type of the data given as the first argument. The data can be
passed as a plain scalar or as a reference to a scalar.

This is the same value as would be returned by the C<file> command with the
C<-i> switch.

=head2 $magic->checktype_filename($filename)

Returns the MIME type of the given file.

This is the same value as would be returned by the C<file> command with the
C<-i> switch.

=head2 $magic->describe_contents($data)

Returns a description (as a string) of the data given as the first argument.
The data can be passed as a plain scalar or as a reference to a scalar.

This is the same value as would be returned by the C<file> command with no
switches.

=head2 $magic->describe_filename($filename)

Returns a description (as a string) of the given file.

This is the same value as would be returned by the C<file> command with no
switches.

=head1 DEPRECATED APIS

This module offers two different procedural APIS based on optional exports,
the "easy" and "complete" interfaces. These APIS are now deprecated. I
strongly recommend you use the OO interface. It's simpler than the complete
interface and more efficient than the easy interface.

=head2 The "easy" interface

This interface is exported by:

use File::LibMagic ':easy';

This interface exports two subroutines:

=over 4

=item * MagicBuffer($data)

Returns the description of a chunk of data, just like the C<describe_contents>
method.

=item * MagicFile($filename)

Returns the description of a file, just like the C<describe_filename> method.

=back

=head2 The "complete" interface

This interface is exported by:

use File::LibMagic ':easy';

This interface exports several subroutines:

=over 4

=item * magic_open($flags)

This subroutine opens creates a magic handle. See the libmagic man page for a
description of all the flags. These are exported by the C<:complete> import.

my $handle = magic_open(MAGIC_MIME);

=item * magic_load($handle, $filename)

This subroutine actually loads the magic file. The C<$filename> argument is
optional. There should be a sane default compiled into your C<libmagic>
library.

=item * magic_buffer($handle, $data)

This returns information about a chunk of data as a string. What it returns
depends on the flags you passed to C<magic_open>, a description, a MIME type,
etc.

=item * magic_file($handle, $filename)

This returns information about a file as a string. What it returns depends on
the flags you passed to C<magic_open>, a description, a MIME type, etc.

=item * magic_close($handle)

Closes the magic handle.

=back

=head1 EXCEPTIONS

This module can throw an exception if you system runs out of memory when
trying to call C<magic_open> internally.

=head1 SUPPORT

Please submit bugs to the CPAN RT system at
http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=File-LibMagic or via email at
bug-file-libmagic@rt.cpan.org.

=head1 BUGS

This module is totally dependent on the version of file on your system. It's
possible that the tests will fail because of this. Please report these
failures so I can make the tests smarter. Please make sure to report the
version of file on your system as well!

=head1 DEPENDENCIES/PREREQUISITES

This module requires file 4.x or file 5x and the associated libmagic library
and headers (http://darwinsys.com/file/).

=head1 RELATED MODULES

Andreas created File::LibMagic because he wanted to use libmagic (from
file 4.x) L<File::MMagic> only worked with file 3.x.

L<File::MimeInfo::Magic> uses the magic file from freedesktop.org which is
encoded in XML, and is thus not the fastest approach. See
L<http://mail.gnome.org/archives/nautilus-list/2003-December/msg00260.html>
for a discussion of this issue.

File::Type uses a relatively small magic file, which is directly hacked into
the module code. It is quite fast but the database is quite small relative to
the file package.

=head1 AUTHORS

=over 4

=item *

Andreas Fitzner

=item *

Michael Hendricks <michael@ndrix.org>

=item *

Dave Rolsky <autarch@urth.org>

=back

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.

=cut